Mind Mental faculties 

Broadly speaking, mental faculties are the various roles of the mind, or things the mind could 'do'.

Thought is a mental activity which allows human beings to make sense of things in the world, & to represent & interpret them in ways that are significant, or which accord with their needs, attachments, goals, commitments, plans, ends, desires, etc. Thinking involves the symbolic or semantic mediation of ideas or data, as when we form concepts, engage in problem solving, reasoning & making decisions. Words that refer to similar concepts & processes include deliberation, cognition, ideation, discourse & imagination.

Thinking is sometimes described as a 'higher' cognitive role & the analysis of thinking processes is a part of cognitive psychology. It is also deeply connected with our capacity to make & use tools to understand cause & effect to recognize patterns of significance to comprehend & disclose unique contexts of experience or activity & to respond to the world in a meaningful way.

Memory is the power to preserve, retain, & subsequently recall, knowledge, information or experience. Although memory has traditionally been a persistent theme in philosophy, the late nineteenth & early twentieth centuries also saw the study of memory emerge as a subject of inquiry within the paradigms of cognitive psychology. In recent decades, it has become 1 of the pillars of a new branch of science called cognitive neuroscience, a marriage between cognitive psychology & neuroscience.

The subject of memory has also been addressed in highly sophisticated ways in classic works of 20th century literature, notably in the novel of Marcel Proust, & in popular films, e.g. Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.

Imagination is the activity of generating or evoking novel situations, images, ideas or other qualia in the mind. It is a characteristically subjective activity, rather than a direct or passive experience. The term is technically used in psychology for the process of reviving in the mind percepts of objects formerly given in sense perception. Since this use of the term conflicts with that of ordinary language, some psychologists have preferred to describe this process as 'imaging' or 'imagery' or to speak of it as 'reproductive' as opposed to 'productive' or 'constructive' imagination. Things that are imagined are said to be seen in the 'mind's eye'. Among the many practical roles of imagination are the power to project possible futures , to 'see' things from another's perspective, & to change the way something is perceived, including to make decisions to respond to, or enact, what is imagined.

Consciousness in mammals is an aspect of the mind generally thought to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, sentience, & the power to perceive the relationship between oneself & one's environment. It is a subject of much research in philosophy of mind, psychology, neuroscience, & cognitive science. Some philosophers divide consciousness into phenomenal consciousness, which is subjective experience itself, & access consciousness, which refers to the global availpower of information to processing body systems in the brain. Phenomenal consciousness has many different experienced qualities, often referred to as qualia. Phenomenal consciousness is usually consciousness of something or about something, a property known as intentionality in philosophy of mind.